Galvanized supply line failures — original supply lines corroded to failure in 1940s–1950s homes, releasing water into CBS wall cavities and floor assemblies
Cast-iron drain failures — aging drain branch lines and stacks at joints and corroded horizontal runs releasing gray water into walls and subfloor spaces
Flat roof membrane failures — built-up and modified bitumen roofing on low-slope residential roofs failing at penetrations, seams, and parapet flashings during heavy Miami rainfall
HVAC condensate overflow — attic air handler condensate drain lines clogging, saturating ceiling assemblies below
Slab supply line failures — original supply lines routed beneath concrete slabs leaking and elevating slab and floor moisture across large areas
Appliance failures — washing machine, dishwasher, and refrigerator icemaker supply lines in aging kitchen and laundry installations